Operators
Operators allow us to perform various operations on operands. There are various operators in C# to perform different types of operations.
1. Arithmetic Operators:
These are mathematical operators used on operands. Examples include:
- Addition (+): adds two operands (e.g. x + y)
- Subtraction (-): subtracts the second operand from the first (e.g. x – y)
- Multiplication (*): multiplies two operands (e.g. x * y)
- Division (/): divides the first operand by the second (e.g. x / y)
- Modulus (%): returns the remainder when dividing the first operand by the second (e.g. x % y)
2. Relational Operators:
Comparison operators are used to compare values and return a boolean result. Some common operators include equality (==), inequality (!=), greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to (>=), and less than or equal to (<=).
Example
int a = 100;
int b = 200;
Console.WriteLine(a < b); // returns True
3. Logical Operators:
Used for combining conditions.
- AND (&&): Returns true if both operands are true.
- OR (||): Returns true if at least one operand is true.
- NOT (!): Negates the value of an operand.
Example
using System; namespace MyTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int a = 10; Console.WriteLine(a > 5 && a < 20); // returns True } } }
4. Assignment Operators:
Assign values to variables (e.g., int x = 20;).
5. Bitwise Operators:
Perform operations on individual bits using AND (&), OR (|), XOR (^), NOT (~), Left Shift (<<), and Right Shift (>>).
using System;
namespace MyTest
class Test
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int a = 10, b = 20, output;
// Bitwise AND (&) Operator
output = a & b;
Console.WriteLine("Bitwise AND: " + output);
// Bitwise OR (|) Operator
output = a | b;
Console.WriteLine("Bitwise OR: " + output);
// Bitwise XOR (^) Operator
output = a ^ b;
Console.WriteLine("Bitwise XOR: " + output);
}
}
}
6. Unary Operators:
These operators work with a single operand:
- Increment (++): Increases the value of an integer. Pre-increment (++x) updates instantly; post-increment (x++) preserves value temporarily.
- Decrement (–): Decreases the value of an integer. Pre-decrement (–x) updates instantly; post-decrement (x–) preserves value temporarily.
Example
using System; namespace MyTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int x = 10; x++; Console.WriteLine(x); //result - 11 } } }